中国电气工程学报（英文） ›› 2021, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (1): 37-46.doi: 10.23919/CJEE.2021.000003

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  • 收稿日期:2020-10-20 修回日期:2020-12-07 接受日期:2020-12-12 发布日期:2021-04-19

Comparative Analysis on the Stability Mechanism of Droop Control and VID Control in DC Microgrid*

Gang Lin1, Wei Zuo2, Yong Li2,*, Jiayan Liu1, Shaoyang Wang2, Pengcheng Wang3   

  1. 1. Institute of Energy Systems, Energy Efficiency and Energy Economics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund 44227, Germany;
    2. College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
    3. College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
  • Received:2020-10-20 Revised:2020-12-07 Accepted:2020-12-12 Published:2021-04-19
  • Contact: * E-mail: yongli@hnu.edu.cn
  • About author:Gang Lin received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering and automation from Guizhou University, Guiyang, China, in 2016, and the M.S. degree in electrical engineering from the Hunan University, Changsha, China, in 2019. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering at TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany. Since 2019, he has been a research associate with Institute of Energy Systems, Energy Efficiency and Energy Economics, TU Dortmund University. His current research interests include stability analysis, virtual inertia control, and integrated energy system.Wei Zuo received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering and automation from University of South China, Hengyang, China, in 2018, and the M.S. degree in electrical engineering from the Hunan University, Changsha, China, in 2020. She is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering at University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.Her current research interests include traction power system reliability analysis, equipment fault analysis, and system reliability allocation. Yong Li (S'09-M'12-SM'14) was born in Henan, China, in 1982. He received the B.S. and Ph.D. degrees in 2004 and 2011, respectively, from the College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China. Since 2009, he worked as a research associate at the Institute of Energy Systems, Energy Efficiency, and Energy Economics (IE3), TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany, where he received the second Ph.D. degree in June 2012. He is currently a full professor of electrical engineering with Hunan University. His research interests include power system stability analysis and control, ac/dc energy conversion systems and equipment, analysis and control of power quality, and HVDC and FACTS technologies.Jiayan Liu (S'20) received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering and automation from Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China, in 2016, and the M.S. degree in electrical engineering from the Hunan University, Changsha, China, in 2018. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering at TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany. Since 2018, he has been a research associate with Institute of Energy Systems, Energy Efficiency and Energy Economics, TU Dortmund University. His current research interests include electric vehicle charging scheduling, resource allocation, smart grid, and integrated energy system. Shaoyang Wang was born in Hebei, China, in 1994. He received the B.S. degree in automation from the Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China, in 2017, and the M.S. degree in electrical engineering in 2019 from Hunan University, Changsha, China, where he is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree with the College of Electrical and Information Engineering. His research interest is power quality analyses and control.Pengcheng Wang received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering and automation from Central South University, Changsha, China, in 2016, and the M.S. degree in electrical engineering from Hunan University, Changsha, China, in 2019. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree in the College of Electrical Engineering at Zhejiang University. His current research interests include modeling and stability analysis of power electronics-based power system, and microgrid.
  • Supported by:
    * Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province of China (2018GK2031), National Natural Science Foundation of China (51822702), 111 Project of China (B17016), Innovative Construction Program of Hunan Province of China (2019RS1016) and China Scholarship Council (No. 201906130196).

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关键词: DC microgrid, dynamic characteristic, virtual inertia, small-signal model

Abstract: Voltage resonance and fluctuation deteriorate the stability of DC microgrids (DC-MGs) and restrict their popularization. Conventional droop control cannot suppress voltage fluctuation and damp oscillations. Therefore, new control methods, namely, droop+filter control and virtual inertia and damping control, are proposed. These methods differ owing to the addition of low pass filter (LPF) and virtual inertia loop. In this study, the stability of these control methods is investigated comprehensively to understand their differences arising from the use of LPF and inertia loop as well as the underlying dynamic stability mechanism. The leading causes of voltage instability in DC-MGs regulated by droop control are first presented. Subsequently, control methods for solving this issue are compared and their simplified small-signal models are constructed. Based on eigenvalue analysis, the DC-MG is equivalent to a third-order system. Different control effects can be acquired by changing the control parameters and the location of the eigenvalues; furthermore, they can be used to understand the dynamic stability. Eigenvalue analysis can provide parameter design guidelines. Finally, the simulation results verify the validity of the theoretical analysis.

Key words: DC microgrid, dynamic characteristic, virtual inertia, small-signal model